call
verb uk/kɔːl/ us/kɑːl/
(NAME)
B1 [ T + obj + noun ]给…取名，给…命名;称呼
to give someone or something a name, or to know or address someone by a particular name
They've called the twins Edward and Thomas. 他们给双胞胎取名为爱德华和托马斯。
What's that actor called that we saw in the film last night? 我们昨晚在电影里看到的那个演员叫什么名字？
His real name is Jonathan, but they've always called him Johnny. 他的真名叫乔纳森，但他们总是叫他“约翰尼”。
What's her new novel called? 她的新小说叫什么名字？
I wish he wouldn't keep calling me "dear" - it's so patronizing! 我希望他不要老是叫我“亲爱的”——太居高临下了！
call someone namesC2 （尤指小孩的行为）谩骂…，辱骂…
If a person, especially a child, calls someone names, he or she addresses that person with a name that is intended to be offensive.
Tom's worried that if he wears glasses at school the other children will call him names. 汤姆担心如果他在学校戴眼镜会被其他孩子取笑。
- More examples
- Mars is sometimes called the Red Planet because of its distinctive colour.
- I think he was called Blake , if I remember correctly.
- He was most uncivil to your father - called him an old fool.
- What have they decided to call their new baby?
- The meat produced from a pig is called pork, bacon, or ham.
(PHONE)
A2 [ I or T ]打电话
to use a phone to talk to someone
He called (you) last night when you were out. 昨晚你不在时，他（给你）打过电话。
She called (me) this morning at the office and we had a brief chat. 今天早上她打电话到我的办公室，我们简短地闲聊了会儿。
I've been calling all morning but I can't get through. 我一早上都在打电话，可是没打通。
Do you think we should call the police? 你觉得我们应该报警吗？
call collectUS (US also and UK reverse (the) charges) 打对方付费电话
to make a phone call that is paid for by the person who receives it
- More examples
- If I'm not home when you call, leave a message on the machine .
- I gave him my number and he promised to call me.
- Probably the best thing to do is to call them before you go.
- I tried calling you but the line was busy.
- You could always call Susie and see if she might babysit.
(CONSIDER)
[ T + obj + noun ]称…为；把…看作
to consider someone or something to be
He knows a lot of people, but only one or two that he'd call close friends. 他认识很多人，但他称之为亲密朋友的只有一两个。
One sandwich and a lettuce leaf - I don't call that a meal! 一个三明治和一片生菜叶——我可不把那叫一顿饭！
I'm not calling you a liar - I'm just suggesting that you misunderstood the facts of the situation. 我没说你在撒谎——我只是提醒一下，你误解了实际情形。
call something your own 认为…是自己的
to consider something as belonging to you
I don't aspire to anything very grand - I just want a place I can call my own. 我不奢望特别气派的东西——我只想拥有一个属于我自己的地方。
- More examples
- Some people call English a mongrel language because it is a mixture of old German and French.
- How can you call those barbarians your friends?
- It's a suburb of Manchester really - I wouldn't call it Manchester proper.
- He's quite attractive but not what I'd call gorgeous.
- He had a few tufts of hair on his chin, but you could hardly call it a beard.
(SHOUT/CRY)
B1 [ I or T ]叫，呼喊;呼叫;（动物）鸣叫
to say something in a loud voice, especially in order to attract someone's attention, or (of animals) to make a loud, high sound, especially to another animal
Someone in the crowd called (out) his name. 人群中有人大声叫（出）他的名字。
Did you call? 是你在叫吗？
[ + speech ] "Hey, you! Come over here!" she called. “嗨，你！到这儿来！”她叫道。
The blackbird called to its mate. 乌鸫呼唤它的配偶。
call for order(also call something to order) 要求（会场）安静下来，要求别吵
to ask people in a meeting to stop talking so that the meeting can continue
She called for order/called the meeting to order. 她要求会场安静下来。
- More examples
- She sometimes calls out in her sleep.
- I thought I heard you call from upstairs.
- I called to her but she didn't hear me.
- "We're over here!" she called.
- I thought I heard someone call my name.
(ASK TO COME)
C1 [ I or T ]叫来;召，召唤
to ask someone to come to you
She called me over to where she was sitting. 她把我叫到了她坐着的地方。
I keep the bedroom door open in case the children call (for) me in the night. 我让卧室门开着，以防孩子们晚上叫我。
I was called to an emergency meeting this morning. 我今早被叫去参加一个紧急会议。
At school she was always being called into the headteacher's office. 在学校时，她总是被叫到校长办公室去。
- More examples
- I thought I heard my daughter calling for me.
- He was called to the phone.
- She called me over and showed me the report.
- You can't just call people across the office and expect them to come running!
- He called me into his office and asked me to explain my decision.
(VISIT)
[ I ]（尤指短暂的）拜访，造访
to visit someone, especially for a short time
The electrician must have called (round) this morning when we were out - there's a note on the door mat. 今天上午我们出去的时候电工一定来过了——门垫上留了张字条。
(DECIDE ON)
C1 [ T ]决定召开（或举行）
to decide officially to have a particular event or take particular action
The managing director has called a meeting to discuss pay levels. 总经理决定召开会议商讨工资标准。
The papers are predicting that the prime minister will call an election in the spring. 报纸预言首相将宣布在春季举行大选。
It's reckoned that the unions will call a strike if management will not agree to their demands. 如果管理层不同意他们的要求，预计工会将发动罢工。
They had to call a halt to (= end) the match because of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨，他们不得不中止了比赛。
Idioms
call someone's bluffidiom 要求…证实；促使…兑现
to make someone prove that what they are saying is true, or to make someone prove that they will really do what they say, because you do not believe them
call your shotidiom US 摊牌，表明意图
to say clearly what your intentions are
call a spade a spadeidiom informal 实话实说，直言不讳
to say the truth about something, even if it is not polite or pleasant
call into questionidiom formal 引起对…的怀疑，使怀疑
to cause doubts about something
The fact that a party can be voted into power by a minority of the electorate calls into question the country's electoral system. 赢得少数选民的政党也能当选执政，这引发了人们对该国选举制度的怀疑。
call it a dayidiom informalC2 结束工作;到此为止;收工
to stop what you are doing because you do not want to do any more or think you have done enough
I'm getting a bit tired now - let's call it a day. 我有些累了——收工吧。
After 14 years living and working in this country, she thinks it's time to call it a day. 在这个国家生活和工作了14年后，她认为是结束的时候了。
call it a nightidiom informal 今晚到此为止
to stop what you have been doing in the evening or night, often in order to go to bed
We left the party and I wanted to call it a night, but Martha invited people back for coffee. 离开了派对后，我只想回家睡觉，玛莎却邀请大家来家里喝咖啡。
After two encores, the band finally called it a night and left the stage. 乐队在加演了两首歌曲后，终于结束演出，离开了舞台。
call it quitsidiom UK informal 停止做
to stop doing something
(US call it even)同意债务已偿清，同意已互不相欠
to agree with someone that a debt has been paid and that no one owes anything more
I paid for last week's shopping and you paid for this week's, so let's call it quits. 上周买东西我付的钱，这周是你付的，这样我们就两不相欠了。
call the shotsidiom (also call the tune) 控制，操纵；处于决策地位
to be in the position of being able to make the decisions that will influence a situation
something is calling youidiom 诱惑;召唤
If something is calling you, you have a strong feeling that you must do it, have it, go there, etc.
That last piece of chocolate cake is calling me. 最后一块巧克力蛋糕正诱惑着我。
Phrasal verbs More phrasal verbs
call backB2 回来，返回
to return to a place in order to see someone or collect something
She said she'd call back later to pick up that report. 她说她过会儿要回来取那份报告。
call someone backA2 再给…打电话;给…回电话
to phone someone again, or to phone someone who called you earlier
I'm a bit busy - can I call you back later? 我有点儿忙——我过会儿再打给你好吗？
call by 顺道拜访
to visit somewhere for a short while on your way to somewhere else
I just thought I'd call by on my way into town. 我只是想进城时顺路去一下。
call for someoneB1 （去某地）接…
to go to a place in order to collect someone
I'll call for you at eight. 我8点钟来接你。
call for something 需要；值得；应该
to need or deserve a particular action, remark, or quality
This calls for a celebration! 这值得庆祝一下！
It's the sort of work that calls for a high level of concentration. 这类工作需要注意力高度集中。
He told you that you were an idiot? Well, I don't think that was called for (= I think it was rude and not deserved)! 他说你是白痴？那么，我觉得真是太不应该了！
C2 号召，呼吁;要求
to demand that something happens
Members have called for his resignation. 成员们要求他辞职。
call forth something 使出现；使产生；引起
to cause something to exist
The proposed shopping centre has called forth an angry response from local residents. 修建购物中心的计划引起了当地居民的愤怒。
call someone in 召来，叫来，请来
to ask someone to come to help in a difficult situation
A new team of detectives were called in to conduct a fresh inquiry. 新调来一组侦探重新进行调查。
call something in （银行）收回（贷款）
If a bank calls in money, it demands that you pay back the money it has lent to you.
He needs to make the business work before the bank calls in the loan. 在银行收回贷款之前，他得让公司运作起来。
call someone/something off 喝退，把…叫开;命令…停止攻击
to order a dog, or sometimes a person, to stop attacking someone or something
I shouted to him to call his dog off, but he just laughed at me. 我大声喊他把狗叫开，可他只是嘲笑我。
Call off your thugs, and I'll show you where the money is. 叫你那帮暴徒走开，我会告诉你钱在哪里。
call something offB2 取消，停止，中止（尤指体育赛事）
to decide that a planned event, especially a sports event, will not happen, or to end an activity because it is no longer useful or possible
Tomorrow's match has been called off because of the icy weather. 因为天气寒冷，明天的比赛取消了。
The police have called off the search for the missing child until dawn tomorrow. 警方暂停了对失踪孩子的寻找，明天天亮后再继续。
call (in) on someone 短暂拜访…
to visit someone for a short time
I thought we might call in on your mother on our way - I've got some magazines for her. 我觉得我们可以顺道看看你母亲——我有几本杂志要给她。
call on someoneC1 号召;动员;要求
to ask someone in a formal way to do something
They're calling on all men and boys over the age of 14 to join the army. 他们号召所有14岁以上的男子参军。
formal I now call on everyone to raise a glass to the happy couple. 现在我提议大家为这幸福的一对举杯。
call on something （为完成…而）使用，施展
to use something, especially a quality that you have, in order to achieve something
She would have to call on all her strength if she was to survive the next few months. 要想渡过未来几个月的难关，她就必须竭尽全力。
call (something) out 大声呼叫
to say something in a loud voice
He used to call out in his sleep. 他过去经常在睡梦中大声呼叫。
Don't just call the answers out - raise your hand. 不要大声喊出答案，先举手。
call someone out （尤指在紧急情况下）请…来做某工作
to ask someone to come in order to do a job, especially when it is an emergency
We had to call out a doctor. 我们不得不请一位医生来。
The government called the army out to deal with violent disorder on the streets. 政府召来军队对付街头骚乱。
informal批评…;要求…解释
to criticize someone or ask them to explain their actions
If he did anything wrong, I'd be the first to call him out on it. 如果他做错了什么，我会第一个批评他。
call someone up mainly US给…打电话
to use the phone to talk to someone
My dad called me up to tell me the good news. 我爸爸打电话告诉了我这个好消息。
C2 [ M usually passive ]征召…入伍;征调…入队（尤指加入国家队）
to order someone to join a military organization or to ask someone to join an official, especially national, team
He was called up when the war began. 战争开始时他被征召入伍。
Lucie Saint was called up for the final against Brazil. 卢西‧森特应召入队参加对巴西队的决赛。
call something upC2 （在电脑屏幕上）显示，调出（信息）
to find and show information on a computer screen
You can use the search facility to call up all the occurrences of a particular word in a document. 你能利用查询功能调出某个特定的词在文件中出现的情况。
call
noun uk/kɔːl/ us/kɑːl/
(PHONE)
A2 [ C ]通话;打电话
the act of using the phone
I got a call from an old college friend last night. 昨晚我接到了一位大学老友的电话。
If there are any calls for me, could you write them down next to the phone? 如果有我的电话，你能在电话边记一下吗？
I've just got a couple of calls to make. 我正要打几个电话。
That decorator you called about painting the house - did he ever return your call? 为粉刷房子的事你打电话找的那个油漆工——他给你回过电话了吗？
The radio station received a lot of calls complaining about the show's bad language. 广播电台接到很多电话，投诉那个节目用语污秽。
Before six o'clock, calls are charged at peak rate. 6点之前，拨打电话按高峰费率收费。
- More examples
- Will you excuse me? I've got to make a phone call.
- The phone company were unable to trace the call.
- Please confine your use of the phone to business calls.
- He told my boss that I'd been making long-distance calls at work!
- We had to make five calls to technical support just to get the new computer working.
(ANIMAL)
B1 [ C ]叫声;呼喊，呼叫;（动物的）鸣叫声
the sound an animal makes or the sound of someone shouting something
The whale has a very distinctive call. 鲸的叫声很特别。
She could hear calls for help from inside the burning building. 她能听到从燃烧的大楼里传出的呼救声。
I'll be in the next room, so give me a call if you need any help. 我会在隔壁房间，需要帮助就叫我。
- More examples
- I thought I heard a call from the bedroom.
- the wolf's call
- the call of the brown owl
- Could you give me a call when he arrives?
- Was that a call for help?
(DEMAND)
[ U ]需求，需要
the fact of people wanting or needing a particular thing
There's not much call for fur coats these days. 现在人们对毛皮大衣的需求量不大。
formal I certainly don't think there's any call for that sort of language, young lady! 我的确认为没有必要说那样的话，小姐！
C1 [ C ]呼吁，号召;要求
a demand for something to happen
Management have so far ignored the union's calls for stricter safety regulations. 迄今为止管理层一直无视工会对加强安全规章的呼吁。
(VISIT)
C1 [ C ]（尤指正式的）短暂拜访;（通常指医疗从业者的）出诊
a short visit, especially an official one made by someone whose job is connected with health
Doctor Seward is out on a call this morning. 苏厄德医生今天上午出诊去了。
The nurse has got a few calls to make this afternoon. 护士今天下午有几次出诊。
old-fashioned I thought I'd pay a call on (= visit) an old friend of mine this weekend. 我想这个周末去拜访一位老朋友。
(DECISION)
[ C ] informal决定，抉择
a decision
It was a tough call, but eventually I decided to give up my job. 尽管做这个决定很难，但我最终还是打算辞职。
More investment? That's got to be your call - you're the one that's paying! 增加投资？这该由你来决定——毕竟你是付款人。
Idioms
call of natureidiom humorous 生理需要，内急（指上厕所）
the need to use the toilet
a close callidiom (UK also a close/near thing) 侥幸的脱险，几乎发生的坏事
something bad that almost happened
The car just missed the child but it was a very close call. 汽车差点撞着小孩，就差那么一点点。
on callidiom （医疗从业者的）听候召唤，待命
If a worker such as a doctor is on call, he or she is available to work or make official visits at any time when needed.
She's a doctor, so she's often on call at the weekend. 她是个医生，所以在周末常常得随时准备出诊。
See also: on-call