ground
noun uk/ɡraʊnd/ us/ɡraʊnd/
(LAND)
the ground[ S ]B1 地，地面
the surface of the earth
I sat down on the ground. 我坐在地上。
B2 [ U ]土;土壤;土地
soil
soft/stony ground 松软的／满是石头的土地
The ground was frozen hard and was impossible to dig. 土地冻实了，根本挖不动。
B1 [ C ]（有特殊用途的）地域，场地
an area of land used for a particular purpose or activity
a football ground 足球场
The lake has become a dumping ground for toxic chemicals. 这个湖成了倾斜有毒化学物品的地方。
skills learnt on the training ground (= place where sports teams practise) 在训练场上学到的技巧
grounds [ plural ]C2 （常由墙或栅栏围起来的建筑物周围的）庭院，场地，花园
the gardens and land that surround a building and often have a wall or fence around them
We went for a walk around the hospital grounds. 我们在医院的院子里散步走了几圈。
The golf course is set in the former grounds of the 14th century castle.
He is buried in the grounds of the 20-acre property.
We walked around the grounds of the Naval Observatory.
The hotel grounds are open to everyone.
The school sits in two acres of beautiful grounds.
(CAUSE)
C2 [ C usually plural ]原因，根据，理由
a reason, cause, or argument
She is suing the company on grounds of unfair dismissal. 她正以公司不公正解雇她为由对其提起诉讼。
UK Do you have any ground for suspecting them? 你有什么根据怀疑他们？
[ + to infinitive ] We have grounds to believe that you have been lying to us. 我们有理由相信，你一直在对我们撒谎。
[ + that ] He refused to answer on the grounds that the question violated his rights to privacy. 他以个人隐私被侵犯为由拒绝作出答复。
- More examples
- There should be no discrimination on the grounds of colour.
- Do you have any grounds for complaint ?
- The accused pleaded not guilty on grounds of diminished responsibility.
- He refused to say anything on the grounds that he might incriminate himself.
- She is suing the company on grounds of unfair dismissal.
(AREA OF KNOWLEDGE)
C2 [ U ]（知识、经验等的）领域，范围;学科
an area of knowledge or experience
When the conversation turns to politics he's on familiar ground (= he knows a lot about this subject). 当谈话转向政治时，他便如鱼得水。
Once we'd found some common ground (= things we both knew about) we got along very well together. 在找到一些共同语言之后，我们开始相处融洽了。
The lectures covered a lot of ground (= included information on many different subjects). 这些演讲涵盖了众多学科的内容。
I enjoyed her first novel, but I felt in the second she was going over the same ground (= dealing with the same area of experience). 我很喜欢她的第一部小说，但是我觉得她的第二部小说涉及的是同样的题材。
- More examples
- The debate is becoming polarized and there seems to be no middle ground.
- I think you're on very shaky ground with that argument.
- He's annoying to argue with because he keeps shifting his ground.
- The party has watered down its socialist ideals in order to appeal to the centre ground.
- We covered a lot of ground in the first few weeks of the course.
(WIRE)
[ C usually singular ] US (UK earth)地线
a wire that makes a connection between a piece of electrical equipment and the ground, so the user is protected from feeling an electric shock if the equipment develops a fault
(COFFEE)
grounds [ plural ] 咖啡渣
the small grains of coffee left at the bottom of a cup or other container that has had coffee in it
A lot of coffee shops give away grounds for use in compost.
What do you do with coffee grounds?
She had to clean out the grounds from the basket of the coffee maker.
He spilled grounds all over the counter while he was making a new pot of coffee.
My sister makes a scrub for her skin with coffee grounds.
See also: grind verb (MAKE SMALLER)ground noun (COFFEE)
Idioms
drive/work yourself into the groundidiom （拼命工作）使自己精疲力尽，把自己累垮
to make yourself tired or ill by working too hard
get (something) off the groundidiom （使）开始；（使）成功进行
If a plan or activity gets off the ground or you get it off the ground, it starts or succeeds.
A lot more money will be required to get this project off the ground. 要启动这个工程，还需要大量的资金。
go/be run to groundidiom UK退隐；躲藏
to hide in order to escape someone or something following you
He found the media attention intolerable and went to ground for several months. 他觉得媒体的关注令他无法忍受，便去躲了几个月。
on the groundidiom 在公众中，在普通百姓中
among the general public
Their political ideas have a lot of support on the ground. 他们的政治观点得到公众广泛支持。
ground
verb uk/ɡraʊnd/ us/ɡraʊnd/
(GRIND)
（grind的过去式及过去分词）
past simple and past participle of grind
(KEEP ON LAND)
be grounded 使（船）搁浅
If a ship is grounded, it cannot move because it has hit solid ground.
The oil tanker was grounded on a sandbank. 油轮搁浅在一片沙滩上。
The vessel was grounded on Branscombe beach.
The ship, carrying 1,500 containers, was grounded in March after suffering storm damage.
The crew sent a signal to the Coast Guard after their boat was grounded.
Earlier that year, an oil tanker was grounded off the shore of Massachusetts.
[ T often passive ]禁止…飞行；使停飞
If aircraft are grounded, they are prevented from flying or ordered not to fly.
The snowstorm meant that all planes were grounded. 这场暴风雪导致航班全部停飞。
(PUNISH)
[ T ]罚（孩子）不许出门
to forbid (= refuse to allow) a child or young person from going out as a punishment
My parents grounded me for a week. 我爸妈罚我一星期不许出门。
(PUT WIRE)
[ T usually passive ] US (UK earth)把（电线）接地
to connect a piece of electrical equipment to the ground with a wire
You could get a nasty shock from that water heater if it isn't grounded properly. 如果电热水器接地不良的话，可能会发生很严重的触电事故。
(CAUSE)
be grounded in something formal 根据，基于
to be based firmly on something
Fiction should be grounded in reality. 小说应该以现实生活为基础。
Most phobias are grounded in childhood experiences. 大多数的恐惧症都源于儿时的经历。
Her work is grounded in careful scientific research.
The theory is grounded in empirical data.
Are these claims grounded in scientific evidence?
Laws are supposed to be grounded in morality.
See also: well groundedground verb (CAUSE)