hold
verb uk/həʊld/ us/hoʊld/ held | held
(SUPPORT)
A2 [ T ]握住，抓住
to take and keep something in your hand or arms
Can you hold the bag while I open the door? 我开门时你能帮我拿一下包吗？
He was holding a gun. 他当时正拿着一把枪。
The little girl held her mother's hand. 这个小女孩抓着妈妈的手。
He held her in his arms. 他把她抱在怀里。
[ + obj + adj ] Could you hold the door open, please? 你能扶住门让它一直开着吗？
Rosie held out an apple for the horse. 罗西拿着一个苹果伸向那匹马。
All those who agree, please hold up your hand (= raise your arm). 同意的请举手。
[ T ]支撑，承受
to support something
Will the rope be strong enough to hold my weight? 这根绳子禁得住我的重量吗？
Each wheel is held on with four bolts. 每个轮胎都由4颗螺栓固定。
The parts are held together with glue. 这些部件是用胶粘在一起的。
hold your nose 捏住鼻子
to press your nose tightly between thumb and finger in order to close it
I have to hold my nose when I jump into water. 当我跳到水里时必须捏住鼻子。
hold handsA2 （尤指为了表示两人相爱）手拉着手
When two people hold hands, one person holds the other person's hand, especially to show that they love each other.
They walked along holding hands. 他们手拉着手向前走。
See also: hand in hand
- More examples
- You have to hold my hand when we cross the road.
- Polly and Susie were having a squabble about who was going to hold the dog's lead.
- Suddenly he drew a knife and held it to my throat.
- Would you mind holding the door open for me, please?
- The screws that hold the bed together had loosened.
(CONTAIN)
B1 [ T not continuous ]容纳，包含
to contain or be able to contain something
This jug holds exactly one pint. 这只壶的容量刚好是1品脱。
One bag won't hold all of the shopping - we'd better take two. 买的这些东西一个袋子装不下——我们最好拿两个。
Computers can hold huge amounts of information. 计算机能存储海量的信息。
[ T not continuous ]（未来将要）发生
If you say that the future holds something, you mean that that thing will happen
Who can tell what the future holds? 谁又能知道将来会发生什么事呢？
[ T not continuous ]持有，拥有（某种特性）
to have a particular quality
She's very religious, so death holds no fear for her. 她笃信宗教，所以死亡对她来说一点也不可怕。
- More examples
- It used to hold paper bags, but gradually came to be used for magazines.
- That vase isn't big enough to hold all these flowers.
- Will the room hold a hundred people?
- The container held a gallon of soup.
- We knew the chest held a lot of gold jewellery.
(CONTROL)
C1 [ T ]拥有；担任；控制
to have something, especially a position or money, or to control something
He currently holds the position of technical manager. 他目前担任技术经理的职务。
The bank holds large reserves of gold. 这家银行拥有大量的黄金储备。
Despite incurring heavy losses, the rebels now hold the town and the surrounding hills. 叛军尽管损失惨重，但现在控制了该镇及其周围的小山。
- More examples
- He holds a 40 percent stake in the company.
- As chairman of the association, he held office for over 20 years.
- She's held the post for 13 years.
- He holds several company directorships.
- Who holds the copyright on this article?
(IN A COMPETITION)
B2 [ T ]在竞赛中保持（某个）位置
to have a particular position in a competition
She holds the world record. 她保持着世界纪录
They held the lead until the 89th minute. 他们一直到第89分钟还保持领先。
(KEEP)
C1 [ T ]保持，保留
to keep something, especially when it might have been lost
I asked the shop to hold the dress for me until this afternoon. 我让那家商店帮我把那条长裙留到今天下午。
You have to be a fairly good speaker to hold an audience's attention/interest. 要想保持观众的注意力／兴趣，你得是一个相当出色的演讲者才行。
B2 [ T ]拘留，扣押
to keep someone in a place so that they cannot leave
The police are holding several people in custody (= at the police station) for questioning. 警方拘留了几个人进行讯问。
[ + obj + noun ] The terrorists held him hostage for 18 months. 恐怖分子将他扣为人质达18个月之久。
I was held prisoner in a tiny attic room. 我被囚禁在一间小阁楼里。
- More examples
- The hostages are being held as a bargaining chip by terrorist organizations.
- The three men were held hostage for two days by masked gunmen.
- His verbal pyrotechnics could hold an audience spellbound.
- The terrorists were holding several British diplomats captive.
- The police are holding several people in custody for questioning.
(MAKE HAPPEN)
B1 [ T ]使发生；举行（尤指会议或选举）
to have something such as a meeting or an election
Could we hold a meeting to discuss this tomorrow afternoon? 明天下午我们开会讨论这件事好吗？
The election will be held on 8 August. 选举将于8月8日举行。
I find it's almost impossible to hold a sensible conversation with her. 我发现几乎不可能和她进行理智的谈话。
- More examples
- They frequently hold conferences at that hotel.
- Dr Clark holds a clinic on Tuesday mornings.
- They held a dinner to celebrate his retirement.
- The president held an emergency meeting to discuss military strategy with his defence commanders yesterday.
- The director is holding auditions next week for the major parts.
(CONTINUE)
[ I or T ]使保持（某种状态）;持续
to cause to stay or continue in the same way as before
Let's hope our good luck holds. 希望我们好运不断。
I hope the repair holds until we get the car to a garage. 我希望这样修一下能让我们把车子开到修车厂。
The old adage that money talks still holds true (= is still true). 那句古老的谚语“有钱能使鬼推磨”现在依然所言非虚。
The government is committed to holding exports at their present level. 政府承诺继续保持现有的出口水平。
The ship/aircraft held its course. 这艘船／这架飞机保持了航向。
(BELIEVE)
[ T not continuous ]相信，确信
to believe an idea or opinion
You sold it to me, so if it breaks I'll hold you responsible (= consider you to blame). 是你把它卖给了我，所以如果坏了你得负责。
[ + to infinitive ] formal a legal decision that we hold to be unconstitutional 一个我们确信违宪的法律裁决
- More examples
- He held me personally responsible whenever anything went wrong in the project.
- She was held responsible for the accident.
- If he so much as harms a hair on her head I won't be held responsible for my actions.
- The leaves of the plant are held to have health benefits when eaten.
- Her early work is generally held to be her best.
(DELAY)
[ I or T ]等待;暂时阻止，推迟
to wait, or to stop something temporarily
They've decided to hold all future deliveries until the invoice has been paid. 他们决定，在对方付清发货清单上的货款之前，暂停所有未来的交货。
How long can you hold your breath (= stop breathing)? 你憋气能憋多久？
Will you hold my calls for the next half hour please? 半小时内请不要把电话转进来，好吗？
She's on the phone at the moment - will you hold (the line) (= wait on the phone until she can speak to you)? 她在打电话——你能等一会儿吗？
(NOT INCLUDE)
[ T ] US不包括，排除在外
If you ask someone to hold something, you do not want them to include it.
I'd like a ham sandwich on rye, hold the lettuce. 我要一个黑麦面包的三明治，不要加生菜。
Idioms More idioms
can't hold a candle toidiom 不能和…相比
to not be as good as the person or thing mentioned
Her latest book is readable enough, but it can't hold a candle to her earlier work. 她最新出版的书有一定的可读性，但不能同早期的作品媲美。
can't hold your drinkidiom UK (US can't hold your liquor) 酒量小
If you can't hold your drink, alcohol quickly affects you badly.
don't hold your breathidiom informal 不要期待…会很快发生
used to tell someone not to expect something to happen for a very long time
She said she'd get back to us, but don't hold your breath! 她说她会给我们回话，但是你不要期待过高！
hold all the cardsidiom 处于优势，控制着局面
to be in a strong position when you are competing with someone else, because you have all the advantages
Management holds all the cards when it comes to the negotiations over job cuts. 当开始协商裁员问题时，管理层就处于绝对的优势。
hold courtidiom humorous （尤指在社交场合）引起周围人的注意
to receive a lot of attention from other people who stand or sit around you to listen, especially on a social occasion
Patrick is holding court at the end table. 帕特里克在茶几旁被不少人围着。
hold down a jobidiom C2 保住工作
to manage to keep a job for a period of time
hold everything!idiom informal 停下！
used to tell someone to stop what they are doing
Hold everything! He's changed his mind again. 停下！他又变主意了。
hold your head (up) highidiom （表示自信和骄傲）昂着头
to be very confident and proud
If you know that you did your best, you can hold your head high. 如果你知道自己已经尽全力了，你就可以昂头挺胸，无愧于心。
hold your horsesidiom old-fashioned informal 停下来想想，且慢
used to tell someone to stop and consider carefully their decision or opinion about something
Just hold your horses, Bill! Let's think about this for a moment. 且慢，比尔！咱们先考虑一下这件事。
hold it!idiom informal 等等！
used to tell someone to wait or stop doing something
Hold it! I don't have my coat on yet. 等一下！我还没穿上大衣呢。
Hold it! What are you saying? 等等！你在说什么？
hold on/tightidiom 坚持下去，继续
to make yourself continue to do what you are doing or stay where you are although it is difficult or unpleasant
If you can just hold on I'll go and get some help. 如果你能坚持一下，我会去找人帮忙的。
hold your ownidiom C2 (also hold your (own) ground)（与…）同样成功；（与…）相匹敌
to be as successful as other people or things in a situation
Josie can hold her own in any argument. 乔茜无论跟谁辩论都能不落下风。
保持目前的健康状况
to not become more ill or more weak
He's still ill but holding his own. 他仍旧病着，但身体状况并没有进一步恶化。
hold stillidiom 别动
used to tell someone to stop moving
Hold still, this won't hurt. 别动，这不会很疼的。
hold swayidiom 掌握权力；有很大影响
to have power or a very strong influence
Fundamentalist beliefs hold sway over whole districts, ensuring the popularity of religious leaders. 原教旨主义信仰在整个地区处于支配地位，因而确保了宗教领袖的声望。
hold that thoughtidiom 记住...（让某人记住刚刚提到的想法或主意，以便随后派上用场）
used for telling someone to remember an idea or thought that has just been mentioned, especially because it will be useful later
hold the flooridiom （对一群人）滔滔不绝地讲话
to speak to a group of people, often for a long time, without allowing anyone else to speak
hold (down) the fortidiom humorous 暂时负责，代管
to have responsibility for something while someone is absent
I'll be out of the office for a few hours - will you hold the fort until I get back? 我要离开办公室几小时——你能在我回来之前替我照看一下吗？
hold the keyidiom 掌控，支配
to have control of something
Because the two main parties have won almost the same number of votes, the minority group holds the key to the result. 由于两个主要政党的得票数几乎相等，所以少数派集团将决定最后的结果。
hold the reinsidiom 掌管，掌握
be in control
She's the boss but her secretary often seems to hold the reins. 她是老板，但她的秘书似乎常常掌管一切。
hold the roadidiom （车辆）平稳地行驶
If a vehicle holds the road, its wheels stay firmly on the road and do not slide while moving.
See also: roadholding
hold your tongueidiom 别说话
to not speak
Hold your tongue, young man! 年轻人，别说话！
I'm going to have to learn to hold my tongue (= to not say things that upset people). 我以后得学会管住自己的嘴。
hold trueidiom (UK also hold good) 保持有效，仍是真的
to continue to be true
Their arguments were valid a hundred years ago and they still hold true today. 100年前他们的论点令人信服，今天也仍然适用。
hold wateridiom C2 站得住脚，属实
If a reason, argument, or explanation holds water, it is true.
Her alibi just didn't hold water. 她的不在场证据根本站不住脚。
there is no holding someone (back)idiom 什么也拦不住（某人）
If there is no holding someone (back), they do something eagerly and cannot be stopped.
Phrasal verbs More phrasal verbs
hold it/that against someoneC2 （因…而）怨恨（某人）
to like someone less because they have done something wrong or behaved badly in the past
He made a mistake but I don't hold it against him - we all make mistakes. 他犯了个错误，但我并不因此而怨恨他——我们大家都会犯错误的。
hold back （常指因恐惧或不愿让事情变得更糟而）退缩，不做
to not do something, often because of fear or because you do not want to make a bad situation worse
He held back, terrified of going into the dark room. 他退缩了，不敢进入黑暗的房间。
hold someone/something backC2 阻碍…的发展
to stop someone or something developing or doing as well as they should
She felt that having children would hold her back. 她觉得生孩子会阻碍她事业的发展。
C1 阻挡，阻止
If you hold someone or something back, you stop him, her, or it from coming or moving forward.
Sandbags will hold the flood waters back for a while. 沙袋能够将洪水挡住一段时间。
hold something backC1 隐瞒，不透露（情况）
to keep information secret from someone deliberately
C2 不表露（情绪）
to stop yourself showing an emotion
He spoke slowly, to hold back his growing anger. 他说得很慢，努力不显露自己的愤怒。
hold someone/something down 把…按住；使…无法动弹
to keep someone or something in a particular place or position and to stop him, her, or it from moving
He was struggling so much it took three officers to hold him down. 他挣扎得很凶，用了3名警察才将他制服。
hold something down 保持…处于低水平；（尤指）保持（低成本）
to keep something, especially costs, at a low level
to hold down prices/wages 平抑价格／工资
hold forth 滔滔不绝地说，发表长篇大论
to talk about a particular subject for a long time, often in a way that other people find boring
She held forth all afternoon about/on government incompetence. 她整个下午都在滔滔不绝地谈论政府的无能。
hold offC2 推迟，延迟
to not do something immediately
[ + -ing verb ] Let's hold off making a decision until next week. 我们推迟到下周再作决定吧。
US They've decided to hold off on buying a car until they're both working. 他们决定等两人都开始工作之后再买车。
（雨或风暴）延缓，迟迟不来
If rain or a storm holds off, it does not start immediately.
hold someone off 抵抗（某人）攻击，抵御（某人）
to stop someone from attacking or defeating you
How much longer will the resistance fighters be able to hold off the enemy? 抵抗运动的战士们还能抵挡敌人多长时间？
hold onB1 informal等一下
used to tell someone to wait for a short time
Hold on, I'll check in my diary. 等一下，我要查查我的记事簿。
C1 informal（因为疑惑或惊讶而要求交谈对方）等一下
used to say that you are confused or surprised by something that you have just heard or read and want to understand it
Now hold on, Ed, that wasn't what we agreed at all! 等一下，艾迪，我们的协议不是这样的！
C1 坚持
to manage to stay alive or to deal with a difficult situation
We just had to hold on until help arrived. 我们只能坚持到后援到来。
紧紧抓住，抱牢
to hold something or someone firmly with your hands or arms
She held on tightly to his waist. 她紧紧抱住了他的腰。
hold onto someone/somethingC2 紧紧抓住，抱牢
to hold something or someone firmly with your hands or your arms
Hold onto the rope and don't let go. 紧紧抓住那条绳子别松手。
hold onto/on to something 保留，保存
to keep something you have
Hold on to your ticket - you'll need it later. 留着你的票——以后还会用到的。
Lewis held onto the lead until the final lap. 直到最后一圈刘易斯还保持领先。
hold out 抵抗，抵御
to continue to defend yourself against an enemy or attack without being defeated
They won't be able to hold out much longer under this sort of bombardment. 在这样的炮火轰击之下，他们抵抗不了多久。
（食物、钱等的供应）维持，持续
If a supply of something such as food or money holds out, there is enough of it to last for a particular period of time.
hold something outC2 表明（有解决办法）;抱有（希望）
to offer a possibility, solution, hope, etc.
Few people hold out any hope of finding more survivors. 几乎没人抱希望会找到更多幸存者。
hold out for something 坚持要求得到…
to wait until you get what you want
The workers are holding out for a ten percent pay rise. 工人们坚持要求得到10%的加薪。
The other side are holding out for a higher price. 另一方坚持要更高的价钱。
hold out on someone informal拒绝帮助（某人）；向（某人）隐瞒情况
to refuse to give help or information to someone
Don't hold out on me - I need to know who did it. 别瞒着我——我需要知道是谁做的。
mainly US informal拒绝给（某人）钱
to refuse to give money to someone
hold something over 拖延…
to delay something
The nomination was held over until the Senate adjourned. 提名一直被拖延到了参议院休会。
加映，加演（电影、戏剧等）
If a film, play, etc. is held over, it is shown or performed more times than was originally planned, usually because it is very popular with the public.
hold someone over 让（某人）延迟离开
to delay someone from leaving
The weather held us over in Denver for two days. 天气原因让我们在德文拖延了两天。
hold someone to something 使（某人）遵守（诺言或协议）
to make someone do what they promised or agreed to do
We'll hold him to the exact terms of the contract. 我们会让他严格遵守合同条款。
hold up 保持强壮;保持成功
to remain strong or successful
Will his alibi hold up (= continue to seem true) in court? 他不在犯罪现场的证据在法庭上会站得住脚吗？
I hope the repairs hold up until we can get to a garage. 我希望这样修一下能让我们坚持到修车厂。
hold someone/something upB1 耽搁，延误
to delay someone or something
Traffic was held up for several hours by the accident. 那起事故造成了长达几个小时的交通堵塞。
抢劫，打劫
to steal from someone using violence or the threat of violence
They held the same bank up twice in one week. 他们一周之内两次抢劫同一家银行。
He was held up at gunpoint by a gang of masked youths. 他遭到一帮蒙面年轻人的持枪抢劫。
hold something up （前锋）把（足球）控制住（等待其他队员）
If a centre forward holds up the ball, they keep control of a long pass from a defender on the same team until other members of the team can reach the opponent's half of the playing field.
Lukaku used his strength to hold up the ball, giving Baines time to sprint downfield in support. 卢卡库凭着强壮的身体把球控制住，让巴恩斯有时间冲到前场提供支持。
hold something up as something 把…作为…的榜样
to use someone or something as an example of something, especially something very good
Sweden is often held up as an example of a successful social democracy. 瑞典经常被视为社会民主主义的成功典范。
not hold with something 不同意，不赞成
to not approve of an idea or activity
hold
noun uk/həʊld/ us/hoʊld/
(SUPPORT)
B2 [ S or U ]握，拿，抓
the act of holding something or someone, or the way you do this
Keep a tight hold on your tickets. 拿好你们的票。
Don't worry if you lose hold of the reins - the horse won't wander off. 如果缰绳脱手也不用担心——这匹马是不会乱跑的。
See also: foothold (ROCK CLIMBING)handholdtoehold (IN ROCK)
catch/get/grab/take hold of something/someoneB2 抓住
to start holding something or someone
He took hold of one end of the carpet and tugged. 他抓住地毯的一端用力拖。
I just managed to grab hold of Lucy before she fell in the pool. 我刚好在露西要掉进水池时抓住了她。
[ C ]擒拿法
in fighting sports, a position in which one person holds another person so that they cannot move
[ C ]（攀爬时的）支撑点，手攀（或脚踩）的地方
a place to put the hands and feet, especially when climbing
- More examples
- Without saying a word, she took hold of my arm and marched me off to the headmaster's office.
- She relinquished her hold on the steering wheel.
- He got hold of the money legally, without resort to violence.
- He caught hold of my arm.
- He took hold of the plant's root and pulled.
(CONTROL)
C2 [ S ]权力，控制
power or control over something or someone
Their company has a strong hold on/over the computer market. 他们公司在计算机市场举足轻重。
(DELAY)
on holdC1 不挂断电话等着
If you are on hold when using the phone, you are waiting to speak to someone.
Mr Briggs is on hold. 布里格斯先生正在电话那头等着呢。
He's on the phone at the moment- can I put you on hold? 他的电话占线——您不要挂断电话，等一会儿可以吗？
(SPACE)
[ C ]（轮船或飞机的）货舱
the space in a ship or aircraft in which goods are carried
Idioms
get hold ofidiom (US also get ahold of)B2 informal找到（某人）；得到
to find someone or obtain something
Where can I get hold of some stamps? 我在哪儿能找到些邮票？
How can I get ahold of Chris? 我如何才能找到克里斯？
mainly UK理解
to understand something
This is a very difficult concept to get hold of. 这是一个很难理解的概念。
no holds barredidiom 不受约束，没有限制
without limits or controls
This is comedy with no holds barred. 这部喜剧片搞笑得有些太过火了。
take holdidiom 变强；确立地位
to become strong; to be established
The economic recovery is just beginning to take hold now. 经济复苏的趋势刚刚开始稳定下来。