in
preposition uk/ɪn/ us/ɪn/
(INSIDE)
A1 在（…）里面，在（…）内
inside a container, place, or area, or surrounded or closed off by something
Is Mark still in bed? 马克还在睡觉吗？
I got stuck in a traffic jam for half an hour. 我堵车堵了半个小时。
They live in a charming old house. 他们住在一幢可爱的老屋内。
How much is that coat on display in the window (= in the space behind the window of the shop)? 橱窗内展示的那件大衣多少钱？
I've got a pain in my back. 我背疼。
What's that in your hand? 你手里拿的是什么东西？
I've got something in (= on the surface of) my eye. 我眼睛里进了东西。
They used to live in Paris, but now they're somewhere in Austria. 他们以前住在巴黎，但现在住在奥地利的某个地方。
He's always looking at himself in the mirror (= at the image of his face produced by the mirror). 他老是在镜子前照来照去。
I never know what's going on in her head (= what she's thinking about). 我从来不知道她在想什么。
My daughter's in hospital (US in the hospital) having her tonsils out. 我女儿在住院切除扁桃体。
US Is Erika still in school (= does she still go to school)? 埃丽卡还上学吗？
- More examples
- I go to the cheapest hairdresser's in town.
- "I can't find my keys." "Have another check in your jacket pockets."
- He is one of the top chefs in Britain.
- She sat in the dentist's waiting room, nervously chewing at her nails.
- The chlorine in the pool makes my eyes sore.
(INTO)
到…里面
into something
Come on, we're late - get in the car. 快点儿，我们迟到了——快上车。
Put the milk back in the fridge when you've finished with it. 喝完牛奶后把它放回冰箱。
They threw him in the swimming pool. 他们把他扔进了游泳池。
(PART)
A2 在…中，在…内
forming a part of something
He used to be the lead singer in a rock band. 他曾是一支摇滚乐队的主唱。
There are too many spelling mistakes in this essay. 这篇文章中的拼写错误太多。
I've been waiting in this queue for ages. 我在这个队伍里排了很长时间了。
What do you look for in a relationship? 你想从情爱关系中得到什么？
I can see a future champion in Joely (= I think that Joely might become a champion). 我觉得乔利将来会成为冠军。
Talent like hers is rare in someone so young. 像她这样年轻又有如此才能者实属罕见。
- More examples
- He sings in the church choir.
- After years of chasing her dreams, she finally got a part in a film.
- Centre all the headings in this document.
- The camera work in some of these animal documentaries is fantastic.
- There's some wonderful calligraphy in these old manuscripts.
(DURING)
A1 在…期间
during part or all of a period of time
We're going to Italy in April. 我们将在4月去意大利。
Some trees lose their leaves in (the) autumn. 有些树秋天落叶。
I started working here in 2009. 我从2009年开始在这儿工作。
Life in the 19th century was very different from what it is now. 19世纪时的生活与现在大不相同。
Bye, see you in the morning (= tomorrow morning). 再见，明早见。
She was a brilliant gymnast in her youth (= when she was young). 她年轻时是个优秀的体操运动员。
How many civilians died in the Vietnam War? 越南战争中有多少平民死亡？
This is the first cigarette I've had in three years. 这是我3年来抽的第一支烟。
I haven't had a decent night's sleep in years/ages (= for a long time). 我很久没有好好睡过一觉了。
in between 在期间
between the two times mentioned
I have breakfast at 7.30, lunch at 1.00, and sometimes a snack in between. 我7点30分吃早饭，下午1点吃午饭，有时在这之间吃一点儿零食。
- More examples
- The bathroom gets chilly in the winter.
- I was told off for talking in class.
- I don't think we should expand our business in the current economic climate.
- Our costs have climbed rapidly in the last few years.
- Spain was admitted to the European Community in 1986.
(NO MORE THAN)
A2 在…之内
needing or using no more time than a particular amount of time
Can you finish the job in two weeks? 你能在两周内完成这项工作吗？
She could get that essay done in a couple of hours if she really tried. 如果她真的尽力的话，她可在几小时内完成那篇文章。
They completed the journey in record time (= faster than ever done before). 他们完成行程耗时之短前所未有。
- More examples
- I can run a mile in 5 minutes.
- There's no way I can type up this whole report in one morning!
- He explained the whole system in about 30 seconds - he doesn't waste words, does he?
- I didn't think they would get all the bedrooms redecorated in just one day.
- My letter arrived in two days, Mum said.
(BEFORE THE END)
A2 在…结束之前;在…结束之时
before or at the end of a particular period
Dinner will be ready in ten minutes. 晚饭将在10分钟后准备好。
We'll all be dead in a hundred years so there's no point worrying about it. 百年后我们都已死去，因此为此担心是没有必要的。
I'm just setting off, so I should be with you in half an hour. 我正要出发，所以我半小时后应该会到你那里。
- More examples
- We've got two clear weeks to finish the decorating.
- Jim's car has clocked (up) 40 000 miles in less than two years.
- Anyone who's late for work three times in one week gets a written warning from the boss.
- He managed to pay off his debts in two years.
- I'll be seeing Pat in a few days/in a few days' time.
(EXPERIENCING)
B1 处于…中;处于…状态
experiencing a situation or condition, or feeling an emotion
We watched in horror as they pulled the bodies from the wreckage. 我们惊恐地看着他们把尸体从残骸中拖了出来。
He's living in luxury in the south of France. 他正在法国南部过着奢侈的生活。
She left in a bit of a hurry. 她离开时有点儿匆忙。
You're in great danger. 你很危险。
Could I have a word with you in private? 我能私下与你谈谈吗？
Have you ever been in love? 你谈过恋爱吗？
Your car's in very good condition, considering how old it is. 鉴于你的汽车这么旧，车况算是很不错的了。
- More examples
- They were desperately in love to begin with, but I think it's starting to cool off now.
- He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in danger.
- Although I support the project in public, my private opinion is that it will fail.
- They clung together in terror as the screams grew louder.
- She watched in amazement as the fireworks exploded.
(EXPRESSED)
B1 （表达或书写的方式）用，以
expressed or written in a particular way
Cheques should be written in ink. 支票要用墨水笔填写。
She usually paints in watercolour. 她通常用水彩画画。
They spoke in Russian the whole time. 他们一直用俄语交谈。
He always talks in a whisper. 他说话时声音总是那么小。
- More examples
- The document is written in plain English.
- All the lectures were in French.
- Please write your name in block capitals.
- He made his views known in no uncertain terms.
- The leaflet is available in a variety of languages.
(RESULT)
B2 （表示一事为另一事的结果）作为
used when referring to something that is done as a result of something else
I'd like to do something for you in return/exchange for everything you've done for me. 我想为你做些事来报答你为我所做的一切。
The changes are in response to demand from our customers. 这些变化是应我们顾客的要求而作出的。
He refused to say anything in reply to the journalists' questions. 他拒绝对记者的提问作任何回答。
- More examples
- It is illegal for public officials to solicit gifts or money in exchange for favours.
- I'd like to do something for you in exchange for everything you've done for me.
- Management have granted a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.
- The changes are in response to demand from our customers.
- In reply to their questions, she just shrugged.
(ARRANGEMENT)
B1 （表示组织或划分方式）以，按照
used to show how things or people are arranged or divided
We all sat down in a circle. 我们大家围坐成一圈。
The desks were arranged in rows of ten. 课桌每10张排成一排。
Discounts are available to people travelling in large groups. 多人组团旅游享有折扣。
Sometimes customers buy books in twos and threes, but rarely in larger quantities than that. 有时顾客会一次买两三本书，但很少超过这个数。
Cut the potatoes in two. 把土豆切成两半。
People are dying in their thousands from cold and starvation. 成千上万的人死于寒冷和饥饿。
- More examples
- Kim's birthday cake was in the shape of a train.
- Luckily, help arrived in the shape of a police officer.
- The events came in quick succession.
- Most of Manhattan is laid out in a grid pattern with avenues going north-south and streets east-west.
- The replies came back in ones and twos.
(AGE/TEMPERATURE)
（表示年龄、气温）在…左右
used when referring approximately to someone's age or the weather temperature
Nowadays many women are in their late thirties when they have their first child. 如今许多妇女生第一胎时都已经接近40岁了。
Temperatures will be in the mid-twenties (= about 25 degrees). 气温将在25度左右。
- More examples
- He's probably in his late twenties.
- The temperature is expected to be in the twenties tomorrow.
- Her career only began to pick up when she was in her forties.
- My dad's in his fifties.
- She was well into her 90s when she died.
(INVOLVED)
B1 参与；从事；与…有关
involved or connected with a particular subject or activity
I never knew you were in publishing. 我以前从不知道你在出版界工作。
a degree in philosophy 哲学学位
advances in medical science 医学的进步
- More examples
- She's hoping to get a job in advertising.
- The troops receive training in a number of different types of warfare.
- She has a degree in French from Manchester University.
- Changes in atmospheric pressure are producing these strange weather conditions.
- There has been a lot of research done in that particular field.
(WEARING)
B1 穿着
wearing
Do you recognize that man in the grey suit? 你能认出那个穿着灰色西装的男人吗？
Pat can't resist men in uniform. 帕特抗拒不了穿制服的男人的魅力。
You look nice in green (= green clothes). 你穿绿色衣服很好看。
- More examples
- You look strange in that outfit.
- You'll be too hot in that jacket.
- The children were dressed in identical uniforms.
- You are expected to arrive in the appropriate attire.
- The photograph showed local people in national costume.
(COMPARING AMOUNTS)
（表示比率）每…中
used to compare one part of an amount of something with the total amount of it
Apparently one in ten people/one person in ten has problems with reading. 据说10个人中有1个阅读有问题。
UK The basic rate of income tax is 25 pence in (US on) the pound. 所得税基本税率是每英镑25便士。
- More examples
- One in five products was found to be defective.
- The gradient of the hill increases to one in ten.
- Only one in every 50 shoppers questioned had heard of the new proposals.
- The project only has a one in 20 chance of success.
- The chances of that happening must be one in a million!
(CHARACTERISTIC)
在…方面
used to show which characteristic or part of a person or thing is being described
The new version is worse in every respect - I much preferred the original. 新版本在各方面都较差——我更喜欢原来的版本。
Are the two bags equal in weight? 两个包同样重吗？
She's deaf in her left ear. 她左耳失聪。
- More examples
- In some ways, I preferred the old version.
- In terms of value for money, it's a good deal.
- The two teams are evenly matched in ability.
- The bag was green in colour.
- What's the difference in cost between the two cars?
(CAUSE)
[ + -ing verb ]因为，由于
used to show when doing one thing is the cause of another thing happening
In refusing (= because she refused) to work abroad, she missed an excellent job opportunity. 由于拒绝去国外工作，她错过了一个极好的工作机会。
The government banned tobacco advertising and, in doing so (= because of this), contributed greatly to the nation's health. 政府禁止烟草广告，这样做对国民的健康大有裨益。
in thatformal 因为，由于
because
This research is important in that it confirms the link between aggression and alcohol. 这项研究非常重要，因为它证实了攻击行为和酗酒之间的联系。
- More examples
- In helping others, I'm indirectly helping myself.
- Man introduced the grey squirrel to these parts and in doing so effectively wiped out the red squirrel.
- In stepping up your exercise, you are also stepping up your calorie requirement.
- In a sense you are helping her but in doing so, you are also preventing her from helping herself.
- In attracting insects to your garden, you are also attracting birds.
Idioms
be nothing/not much/very little in itidiom informal 毫无差别／相差不多／相差无几
said when two things that are being compared are the same or very similar
One house has a slightly bigger garden, but there's really not much in it. 有一幢房子花园稍大一点儿，但其实没有什么差别。
in allidiom B2 总共，一共
with everything added together to make a total
The bill came to £25 in all. 账单一共是25英镑。
in all honesty/seriousness/truthfulnessidiom 老实说／严肃地说／说真的
said when expressing your opinion honestly, seriously, or truthfully
In all honesty, I do have some criticisms to make. 老实说，我的确要作些批评。
in
adverb uk/ɪn/ us/ɪn/
(FROM OUTSIDE)
A2 从外面;朝中间;朝里
from outside, or towards the centre
Could you bring the clothes in for me? 你能帮我把衣服拿进来吗？
The roof of their house caved in during a hurricane. 他们的屋顶在飓风来袭时坍塌了。
Cut the pastry into a square and turn in the corners. 把油酥面团切成一个小方块，然后把四角向内叠起。
be in and out of somewhereinformal 经常出入于，是…的常客
to often be staying in and receiving treatment in a particular place
She's been in and out of hospitals ever since the accident. 自从那次事故之后，她成了医院的常客。
- More examples
- Push the clutch in, put the car into gear, rev the engine and then gently let the clutch out.
- The goalkeeper was caught napping and the ball went straight in.
- We went in by the front door.
- Suddenly the door burst open and police officers carrying guns rushed in.
- You have to take the needle and push it right in.
(AT PLACE)
B1 在家；在工作
at home or at work
When did you get home? I never heard you come in. 你是什么时候回家的？我一直就没听见你进来。
Mr Ellis isn't in this week. 埃利斯先生这个星期不工作。
(INSIDE)
在（某个物体，地区或实物）里面
within an object, area, or substance
We've been shut in all day. 我们被关了一整天。
UK Has the soup got any salt in? 这汤放盐了吗？
(TRANSPORT)
B2 到达（上下车地点）
having arrived at the place where people can get on or off
What time is Roz's flight due in? 罗兹的航班该什么时候到？
(GIVEN)
B2 交给，呈上，递交
given or sent to someone official in order to be read
When does your essay have to be in? 你的文章要什么时候交？
Remember to get your application in by the end of the week. 别忘了在周末前递交申请。
- More examples
- The report has to be in by the end of the week.
- It's important that you get your application in on time.
- You should get your insurance claim in as soon as possible.
- All essays must be in by Friday 14 March.
- When does your tax return have to be in?
(COAST)
接近，抵达（海岸、沙滩或港口）
towards the coast, beach, or harbour
The tide comes in very quickly here and you can soon find yourself stranded. 这儿的潮水涨得很快，马上你就会发现自己被困住了。
We stood watching the ship come in. 我们站在那儿看船进港。
- More examples
- We'll have to wait until the tide comes in.
- Be careful not to get trapped when the tide come in.
- Is the tide coming in or going out?
- If the tide comes in, we'll be stranded on these rocks.
- The tug towed the damaged ship back in.
(COMPLETION)
（表示完成某事物的活动）
used to refer to an activity that makes something complete
Just pencil in the answer unless you're sure it's correct. 如果对答案不是很确定就先用铅笔填。
The text is finished, but the pictures will have to be pasted in later. 文字完成了，但之后还得把图片贴上去。
UK Would you mind filling in a questionnaire about what you watch on television? 请填写一份关于你收看的电视节目的调查问卷好吗？
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- You can claim back the overpaid tax by filling in this form.
- I got on with the business of filling in the form.
- The children had to colour in the pictures.
- Fill in the gaps with the correct answer.
- Have you filled in the application form for your passport yet?
(SPORT)
（网球等）在界内
If the ball is in during a game of tennis or a similar sport, it has not gone outside the edges of the area on which the game is played.
I won that point, I'm telling you! The ball was definitely in! 我敢说，我赢了那一分！球肯定在界内！
轮到上场（尤指击球）
taking your turn to play, especially taking your turn to hit the ball
Who's in next for our team? 我们队下一个轮到谁？
It started to rain just as our team was going in to bat. 刚轮到我们队击球就下起了雨。
Idioms
be/get in with someoneidiom 受（某人）欢迎;与（某人）关系很好
to be or become popular or friendly with someone
He's trying to get in with the teachers. 他试图与老师搞好关系。
in for somethingidiom 将要经历…
going to experience something
It looks like we’re in for rain. 看来要下雨了。
in on somethingidiom 参与；了解
involved with or knowing about a particular activity or plan
He seems to be in on everything that happens at work. 他好像对单位里发生的事无所不知。
She's trying to get in on a research project organized by the university. 她正试图参加大学组织的一个研究项目。
be well in thereidiom UK informal 交上好运
to be likely to experience something good because of a situation you are in
She's well in there now that she's married her boss's son. 她嫁给了老板的儿子，交上好运了。
in
adjective informal uk/ɪn/ us/ɪn/
时髦的，流行的
fashionable or popular
High heels are in this season. 本季高跟鞋很流行。
The new jazz club seems to be the in place to go at the moment. 这家新的爵士乐俱乐部好像是当前的热门去处。