presume
verb uk/prɪˈzjuːm/ us/prɪˈzuːm/
(BELIEVE)
C1 [ T ]假定，推定，认定
to believe something to be true because it is very likely, although you are not certain
[ + (that) ] I presume (that) they're not coming, since they haven't replied to the invitation. 鉴于他们没有回复邀请，我认为他们不会来了。
[ + speech ] You are Dr Smith, I presume? 我想你是史密斯博士吧？
"Are we walking to the hotel?" "I presume not/so." “我们走着去旅馆吗？”“我想不是／是的。”
[ + obj + adj ] The boat's captain is missing, presumed dead (= it is believed that he is dead). 这条船的船长失踪了，估计是死了。
In British law, you are presumed innocent until you are proved guilty. 按英国法律，在证明你有罪前，假定你是无辜的。
[ + obj + to infinitive ] The universe is presumed to contain many other planets with some form of life. 据推测，宇宙中很多其他的行星上有某种形式的生命存在。
- More examples
- You were sniffing a lot - I presumed you had a cold.
- She said it in a whisper so I presumed it wasn't common knowledge.
- "Is he coming?" "I presume so."
- Under the Bill of Rights, a person is presumed innocent until proved otherwise.
- A person accused of a crime is presumed innocent until proven guilty.
(BE RUDE)
[ I ]冒昧（做），擅（做）;越权行事
to do something although you know that you do not have a right to do it
[ + to infinitive ] I wouldn't presume to tell you how to do your job, but shouldn't this piece go there? 我不想冒昧地教你该如何工作，但这个零件不是应该装在那里吗？
I don't wish to presume (= make a suggestion although I have no right to), but don't you think you should apologize to her? 恕我冒昧，但你难道不觉得应该向她道歉吗？
He presumes on her good nature (= takes unfair advantage of it). 他利用了她的善良本性。