turn
verb uk/tɜːn/ us/tɝːn/
(GO ROUND)
B2 [ I or T ]（使）转动;（使）旋转
to (cause to) move in a circle around a fixed point or line
The earth turns on its axis once every 24 hours. 地球每24小时绕地轴自转一周。
She turned on her toes, holding out her skirt. 她拎起裙摆踮着脚尖旋转。
The wheels started to turn (around). 轮子开始转动了。
Turn the steering wheel as quickly as you can. 以最快速度打轮。
She turned the doorknob and quietly opened the door. 她转动门把手，悄悄地开了门。
Slowly, I turned the door handle. 我慢慢地拧动门把手。
- More examples
- There was no air conditioning, just a ceiling fan turning slowly.
- I heard someone turn a key in the lock.
- She turned the handle and slowly opened the door.
- We watched as the sails of the windmill slowly started to turn.
- When this wheel turns, it makes those big stones turn which grind the grain into flour.
(CHANGE DIRECTION)
A2 [ I or T ]（使）转向;（使）转身
to (cause to) change the direction in which you are facing or moving
Turn right at the traffic lights. 在红绿灯处向右拐。
The path twists and turns for the next half mile. 接下来这条小路有半英里是弯弯曲曲的。
We have to turn down/into/up the next road on the right. 我们必须在下一个路口往右拐。
Plants tend to turn towards the source of light. 植物往往朝向光源生长。
She turned to face him. 她转过身面对他。
He turned round and waved to us. 他转身向我们招手。
He turned on his heel (= turned quickly to face the opposite direction) and left the room. 他迅速转身离开了房间。
The person on my left turned to me and whispered "Not another speech!" 我左边的人转向我，耳语道：“可别再来一场演讲！”
His wife tried to speak to him, but he turned his back (on her)/turned away (from her) (= moved so that his back, not his face, was towards her to show his anger). 他的妻子想跟他说话，可他却转过身去不予理睬。
At about three o'clock, the tide started to turn (= the sea started to come closer to or move away from the beach). 大约3点钟，潮水开始涌动。
He turned his head to me to listen. 他转过头来听我讲话。
I'll just turn the car round and go back the way we came. 我这就调转车头，原路返回。
We watched until the car had turned (= gone around) the corner. 我们一直看着那辆车子拐弯后才作罢。
The army turned their guns on (= pointed them at and started to shoot at) the protesters. 军队朝抗议者开枪。
She can turn (= perform) a somersault. 她会空翻。
- More examples
- Follow the road for two kilometres, then turn left.
- The sight was so horrible that I had to turn away.
- He would always turn and wave at the end of the street.
- The intruders turned and ran as the police shone their torches full on them.
- The plane turned northwards.
(CHANGE POSITION)
B1 [ I or T ]翻动（书页）;（使）翻转;（使）翻身
to move, or to move an object or page, so that a different side or surface is on the top
Now turn the page, please, and start work on Exercise 2. 现在请翻到下一页，开始做练习2。
She turned the vase over to look for the price. 她把花瓶翻过来看价格。
He turned over two or three pages. 他翻了两三页。
She put out the light, turned over (= rolled in order to face in another direction) and went to sleep. 她熄了灯，翻了个身，就睡着了。
Now turn to (= open the book at) page 23 and look at the first paragraph. 现在请翻到第23页，看第一段。
- More examples
- The car spun off the road, turned over twice and came to rest in a field.
- That painting is upside-down - turn it the other way, quick!
- It's time to turn the cassette over - that side's finished.
- Turn the cushion the other way up, so that the stain doesn't show.
- He keeps turning the pages, but I don't think he can actually be reading it that quickly.
(BECOME)
B2 [ L, I or T usually + adv/prep ]（使）变得;（使）成为
to (cause to) become, change into, or come to be something
The weather has suddenly turned cold. 天气突然变凉了。
When I refused to pay, he turned nasty. 当我拒绝付钱时，他的态度变得很恶劣。
She turned pale and started to shiver. 她的脸色变得苍白，身子开始颤抖。
The mood of the meeting turned solemn when the extent of the problem became known. 当问题的严重程度披露后，会议的气氛开始变得严肃起来。
The companies worked well together for a while, but eventually the relationship turned sour (= became bad). 这些公司一度合作得很好，但最后关系闹僵了。
Keele, pop star turned business tycoon, has launched a new range of cosmetics. 基尔，从流行音乐歌星摇身成为商业巨子，已经推出了一个新系列的化妆品。
The dry weather turned the soil into/to concrete. 干旱天气使土壤板结。
By the end of September, the leaves have started to turn (= become brown). 到9月底，叶子就开始变黄。
Her attitude turned from politely interested to enthusiastic during the course of our conversation. 在我们谈话期间她的态度发生了转变，先是出于礼貌表示感兴趣，后来就变得很热情。
turn 16, nine o'clock, etc.C1 达到16岁／9点钟（等等）
to become a particular age or time
She turned 18 last year. 她去年满18岁。
It's just turned ten o'clock. 刚到10点。
- More examples
- He started to turn grey in his mid-forties.
- We're planning to turn the smallest bedroom into an office.
- The situation could turn nasty at any moment.
- He was an amateur singer until the age of 40, when he turned professional.
- You make wine by leaving grape juice to ferment until all the sugar has turned to alcohol.
(SWITCH)
A2 [ I or T, usually + adv/prep ]旋动，拧动（操纵装置）;（为升高或降低…而）旋动，拧动
to use a control to switch a piece of equipment or a power or water supply on or off, or to increase or reduce what it is producing
Turn off/out the light. 关灯。
Who turned the TV on? 谁开的电视？
I asked him to turn down the heating. 我叫他把暖气关小一点。
Turn the sound up - I can't hear what they're saying. 把声音开大一些——我听不清他们在说什么。
The heater turns off (= can be switched off) using this switch. 用这个开关可以关闭暖气。
- More examples
- Could you turn the light off, please?
- To turn the television on, you just push this button.
- The bath is running over - quick, turn the taps off.
- Are you comfortable or shall I turn the heat down?
- The electricity has been turned off.
(TWIST)
turn your ankleold-fashioned 扭伤脚踝，崴了脚
to damage the muscles in the foot by suddenly twisting it too strongly
She turned her ankle on the rocks and had to hobble back to camp. 她在石头上崴了脚，不得不蹒跚着走回营地。
(WOOD)
[ T ] engineering specialized在车床上车（木头）
to shape a piece of wood while it is attached to a machine that spins it
a turned bowl 车成的碗
Idioms More idioms
not turn a hairidiom 面不改色，保持镇静
to not show any emotion when you are told something bad or when something bad happens
I was expecting him to be horrified when he heard the cost but he didn't turn a hair. 我本以为他听到花费数目后会大为震惊，可他居然毫无反应。
turn a blind eyeidiom C1 视而不见；听之任之
to ignore something that you know is wrong
Management often turn a blind eye to bullying in the workplace. 管理层对工作场所发生的恃强凌弱行为常常睁一只眼闭一只眼。
turn a deaf earidiom 不理睬，充耳不闻，置若罔闻
to ignore someone when they complain or ask for something
In the past they've tended to turn a deaf ear to such requests. 过去，他们往往对这类要求置若罔闻。
turn your back on somethingidiom (also turn away from something)C2 不再参与…;对…置之不理
to stop being involved in something
The country cannot afford to turn its back on tourism. 这个国家不可能不重视旅游业。
turn your back on someoneidiom C2 拒绝帮助（某人），对（某人）撒手不管
to refuse to help someone
I don't think he would turn his back on his brother, whatever he was accused of. 不管人们怎么说他，我觉得他不可能不管自己的兄弟。
turn your hand to somethingidiom （尽管没经验也）能做好…
If you say that someone could turn their hand to an activity or skill, you mean they could do it well, despite having no experience of it.
Stella's very talented - she could turn her hand to anything. 斯特拉很有才华——她什么事都能干好。
turn someone's headidiom 冲昏头脑
If something turns someone's head, it has an influence on how that person behaves, especially by making them too proud.
Success has never turned her head - she's still the same simple unaffected girl she always was. 成功并没有使她冲昏头脑——她仍是从前那个简朴真挚的女孩。
turn your nose upidiom C2 嗤之以鼻;瞧不起
to not accept something because you do not think it is good enough for you
They turned their noses up at the only hotel that was available. 他们看不上那家唯一可住的宾馆。
turn something on its headidiom 使走向对立面;颠倒
to cause something to be the opposite of what it was before
These new findings turn the accepted theories on their head. 这些新发现彻底推翻了现今人们已经接受了的理论。
turn over a new leafidiom C2 翻开新的一页；改过自新
to start behaving in a better way
Apparently he's turned over a new leaf and he's not smoking any more. 显然他已经改过自新，不再抽烟了。
turn someone's stomachidiom 使倒胃，使感到恶心;使不舒服，使反感
to make someone feel sick, often because they are angry or upset about something
The sight of Joe eating raw fish is enough to turn your stomach. 看着乔吃生鱼的样子真让人觉得恶心。
Just the smell makes my stomach turn. 光是那种气味就令我反胃。
The amount of money she spends on designer clothes really turns my stomach. 她大把大把地花钱购买名牌服装，让我很反感。
turn something upside downidiom 将…翻了个底朝天
to search everywhere for something, sometimes leaving a place very untidy
I turned the apartment upside down but I couldn't find the letter. 我把公寓翻了个底朝天也没有找到那封信。
turn tailidiom （通常因恐惧）转身逃跑
to turn around and run away, usually because you are frightened
As soon as they saw we had guns, they turned tail and ran away. 他们一看见我们有枪就转身逃走了。
turn the clock backidiom 使时光倒流;使回到以前的状态
If you try to turn the clock back, you want things to be the way they were in the past.
turn the corneridiom 好转；渡过难关
If a situation turns the corner, it starts to improve after a difficult period.
After nine months of poor sales we've finally turned the corner. 经历了9个月的滞销后，我们的境况终于有了好转。
turn the other cheekidiom （受到伤害后）不予还击;容忍;甘受污辱
to not do anything to hurt someone who has hurt you
Neither nation is renowned for turning the other cheek. 两个国家从来都不是打不还手的。
turn the spotlight on somethingidiom 把注意力集中于（某事）;聚焦（某事）
to attract attention to something, usually to give information about something bad
The documentary turned the spotlight on the low wages paid to manual workers. 这个纪录片重点讲述体力劳动者面对的工资过低问题。
turn the tables on someoneidiom 扭转局面，转而占（某人的）上风
to change a situation so that you now have an advantage over someone who previously had an advantage over you
She turned the tables on her rival with allegations of corruption. 她指控对手腐败，从而扭转了对自己不利的局面。
Phrasal verbs More phrasal verbs
turn (someone) against someone/something （使某人）不喜欢;（使某人）不赞成;（使某人）与…为敌
to start not to like or agree with someone or something, or to make someone do this
After six years of fighting public opinion has turned against the war. 经过6年的战争之后，公众舆论开始转向反战。
The girl's natural father claimed that her stepfather was turning her against him. 女孩的生父声称她的继父在唆使她与自己作对。
turn something around 使（企业、计划或体系）好转，使扭转，使有起色
to change an unsuccessful business, plan, or system so that it becomes successful
The new management team turned the ailing company around in under six months. 新的管理团队使这个不景气的公司在不到半年的时间里焕发了生机。
turn away 转过脸去
to move your face so you are not looking at something
When they show an operation on TV, I have to turn away. 电视上播手术过程时，我只能转脸不看。
turn someone away 不让（某人）进入
to not allow someone to enter a place
They turned us away at the entrance because we didn't have tickets. 由于没有票，他们不让我们进去。
turn (someone) backB2 （使某人）折回，（使某人）原路返回
to return in the direction you have come from, or to make someone do this
We're lost - we'll have to turn back. 我们迷路了——只好原路返回。
turn something/someone downB2 拒绝（提议或请求）
to refuse an offer or request
He offered her a trip to Australia but she turned it/him down. 他邀请她去澳大利亚旅游，但她拒绝了。
He turned down the job because it involved too much travelling. 他拒绝了这份工作，因为出差太频繁了。
turn in 上床睡觉
to go to bed
I usually turn in at about midnight. 我通常午夜左右才上床睡觉。
turn someone in 将（某人）送交警方;自首
to take a criminal to the police, or to go to them yourself to admit a crime
The hit-and-run driver turned himself in to the police the day after the accident. 事故发生后的第二天，这名交通肇事逃逸的司机向警方自首了。
turn something in 交还;上交;交出
to return something to an organization or a person in authority
Please turn your old parking permits in at the end of the week. 请于本周末交回旧的停车证。
Thousands of weapons were turned in during the national gun amnesty. 在全国枪械特赦期内，人们上交了数千件武器。
UK取得（好成绩）;获得（利润）
to produce results, usually good results
Both companies turn in pretax profits of over 5.5 million annually. 两家公司每年获得超过550万的税前利润。
turn (someone/something) into someone/somethingB1 （使）变成;（使）成为
to change and become someone or something different, or to make someone or something do this
The council was hoping to turn a children's home into a residence for adolescent girls. 市议会希望把儿童之家变成青春期少女之家。
The town turned from a small seaside resort into a major commercial centre when oil was discovered. 发现石油后，这个小镇由一个小的海滨胜地变成了重要的商业中心。
turn off (something) 拐弯;转入另一条路
to leave the road you are travelling on and travel along another one
Turn off the motorway at the next exit. 在下一个出口出高速路。
turn someone off 使（某人）失去兴趣（尤指性欲）
to stop someone feeling interested or excited, especially sexually
I would think the smell of her breath would turn anyone off. 我看她的口臭会令所有男人失去欲望。
turn something on 开始显露（某品质）
to start to show a particular quality
He can really turn on the charm when he wants to. 只要愿意，他还是可以很迷人的。
turn on someone 突然袭击（某人）;突然批评（某人）
to attack or criticize someone suddenly and unexpectedly
Suddenly she just turned on me and accused me of undermining her. 她突然开始攻击我，指责我背后说她坏话。
turn on something 取决于，依…而定
If something turns on something else, it depends on it or is decided by it.
The success of the talks turns on whether both sides are willing to make some concessions. 会谈成功与否取决于双方是否愿意作出些让步。
turn someone on （尤指性方面）使感兴趣;使兴奋
to make someone feel interested or excited, especially sexually
Short men really turn me on. 矮个子男人能让我变得兴奋。
"In my spare time I make models out of matchsticks." "Oh well, whatever turns you on, I suppose (= that would not interest me)." “业余时间我用火柴棍制作模型。”“是嘛，你好象对什么东西都有兴趣。”
turn someone on to something 使（某人）对…发生兴趣
to cause someone to be interested in something
He turned me on to all kinds of music that I never would have heard otherwise. 他让我对各种我从来没听过音乐发生了兴趣。
turn outB2 …地发生（或发展）；结果是（尤指出乎意料的结果）
to happen in a particular way or to have a particular result, especially an unexpected one
As events turned out, we were right to have decided to leave early. 结果证明，我们当初决定早点离开是正确的。
How did the recipe turn out? 按这个食谱做出来的菜如何？
B2 最终成为;最终发现
to be known or discovered finally and surprisingly
[ + to infinitive ] The truth turned out to be stranger than we had expected. 结果，真相比我们预期的更离奇。
[ + that ] It turns out that she had known him when they were children. 结果发现，她和他从小就认识。
B2 出来，出动;到场
If people turn out for an event, they go to be there or to watch.
Thousands of people turned out to welcome the team home. 成千上万的人到场欢迎队伍归国。
Compare: turn up (somewhere)
turn something out （快速或大批量地）生产，制造
to produce or make something, often quickly or in large amounts
They turn out thousands of these games every week. 每周他们都制作数千个这类游戏。
mainly UK腾空；清空
If you turn out a container or the things in it, you empty it completely.
We turned out all the cupboards and drawers and found things we hadn't seen for years. 我们清理了所有的橱柜和抽屉，发现了一些已多年不见的东西。
turn someone out 赶走（某人），驱赶（某人）
to force someone to leave
He was turned out of his flat because he couldn't pay the rent. 由于付不起房租，他被赶出了公寓。
（某人）衣着漂亮，穿戴讲究
to be beautifully, well, etc. dressed
She's always beautifully turned out. 她总是衣着光鲜。
He arrived with his wife and three well-turned-out young children. 他到了，带着妻子和三个衣着体面的孩子。
turn over （发动机）转动，翻转，空转
If an engine turns over, its parts move in order to make the engine start running.
When I put the key in the ignition it turns over, but it won't start. 当我插入钥匙打火时，引擎开始翻转但是没能发动。
turn (something) over 换台，调台
to change to a different television station
This programme's boring - can I turn over to BBC2? 这个节目没意思——我可以换到BBC二台上吗？
turn over something （公司）营业额达
If a business turns over a particular amount of money, it does that amount of business during a stated period.
The profits are not high, but the company turns over more than $3.5 million every year. 利润并不高，但是该公司每年的营业额高达350万美元。
turn something over （使）转为他用
to use or allow something to be used for a different purpose
Grants are being offered to farmers who agree to turn over their land to parkland. 同意退耕还林的农民将得到拨款补助。
思考;认真考虑
to think about something for a period of time
His father had been turning the idea over in his mind for some time. 他父亲反复考虑这个想法已经有一段时间了。
turn somewhere/something over 抢劫，洗劫
to steal something from a place or to search it, making it very untidy or causing damage
Did you hear Paul's flat got turned over last week? 你听说保罗的公寓上周被洗劫了吗？
turn something over to someone 向（某人）上交;把…移交给（某人）
to give something to someone in authority or someone who has a legal right to it, or to give someone legal responsibility for something
They turned the videos over to the police. 他们把录像带交给了警方。
All documents are to be turned over to the court. 所有文件都要上交法庭。
See also: turn something in
turn someone over to someone 把（罪犯）交给（警方等）
to take a criminal to the police or other authority
He was working here illegally and was terrified that his boss would turn him over to the authorities. 他在这儿工作是非法的，很害怕老板会把他交给当局。
turn something round （同 turn sth around）
→ turn something around
turn to someone/somethingB2 求助于…
to ask a person or organization for help or support
Without someone to turn to for advice, making the most appropriate choice can be difficult. 在没有人可以征求意见的情况下，要作出最恰当的选择可能会很难。
Her family lived a long way away, and she had no one to turn to. 她的家人住得很远，她无人可以求助。
turn to something （尤指因不开心）开始使用（不好之物）， 开始做（不当之事）
to start to do or use something bad, especially because you are unhappy
She turned to drugs after the break-up of her marriage. 婚姻破裂后她开始吸毒。
turn (something) to something 注意，关注；将（注意力等）转移到…上
If you turn to a particular subject, or you turn your thoughts or attention to it, you begin to speak, think, or write about it.
I'd like us now to turn our attention to next year's budget. 我希望我们大家现在把注意力放在明年的预算上。
We're now going to turn to an issue that concerns us all - racism. 我们现在要开始关注一个与我们所有人都相关的问题——种族主义。
turn up (somewhere)B2 到达，来到;突然出现;不期而至
to arrive or appear somewhere, usually unexpectedly or in a way that was not planned
Do you think many people will turn up? 你觉得会有很多人来吗？
She turned up at my house late one night. 一天深夜她突然来到我家。
turn up informal（情况）突然好转；（机会）突然出现
If a better situation or an opportunity to do something turns up, it happens or becomes available unexpectedly or in a way that was not planned.
Don't worry about it - something will turn up, you'll see. 别担心——车到山前必有路。
This job turned up just when I needed it. 这份工作在我正需要的时候出现了。
（遗失后）突然出现，突然找到
If something that you have been looking for turns up, you find it unexpectedly.
The missing letter eventually turned up inside a book. 遗失的信件最后突然在一本书里找到了。
turn something up 改短（衣服）
to make a piece of clothing or part of a piece of clothing shorter, by folding the material and sewing it into position
You could always turn the sleeves up. 可以把袖子改短。
informal找到，发现（尤指信息）
to discover something, especially information, after a lot of searching
See what you can turn up about the family in the files. 看看在档案里能找到有关这个家庭的什么信息？
turn
noun uk/tɜːn/ us/tɝːn/
(TIME TO DO STH)
B1 [ C ]（依次轮到的）机会，一个班次
an opportunity or a duty to do something at a particular time or in a particular order, before or after other people
Is it my turn yet? 轮到我了吗？
[ + to infinitive ] I waited so long for my turn to see the careers adviser that I missed my bus. 我等了很长时间才轮到见就业顾问，结果错过了公共汽车。
It's your turn to do the dishes! 轮到你洗碗了！
In this game if you give the wrong answer you have to miss a turn. 在这个游戏中，如果你回答错了，就会失去一次机会。
Compare: go noun (OPPORTUNITY)
take turnsB2 (UK also take it in turn(s)) 轮流，依次
When a number of people take turns, they do the same thing one after the other.
We take turns answering the phone. 我们轮流接电话。
in turnC1 (also by turns) 依次，轮流
one after the other in an agreed order
Each of us takes a break in turn. 我们轮流休息。
- More examples
- Whose turn is it to buy the drinks?
- I'm sorry, but you'll just have to wait your turn like everybody else.
- Get to the end of the queue and wait your turn like everyone else.
- Come on, it's my turn. Fair's fair!
- Fair go mate, let the others have a turn!
(GO ROUND)
[ C ]转动，旋转;拧动
an action that causes something to move in a circle round a fixed point
Give the screw a couple of turns to make sure it's tight. 将螺丝拧几下，确保它上紧了。
- More examples
- I gave the knob a couple of turns.
- One turn is enough to get the heating going.
- It took several violent turns of the handle to set the tractor in motion.
(CHANGE IN DIRECTION)
B2 [ C ]转向，转弯
a change in the direction in which you are moving or facing
When you see the school on the left, make a right turn. 当你在左手边看见学校时就立刻右转。
The path was full of twists and turns. 这条小路弯弯曲曲。
on the turn 即将转变的，正要转变的
Something that is on the turn is about to change direction.
The tide is on the turn. 要涨潮了。
the turn of somethingC2 转变时期;转折点
the point at which something changes or moves in a different direction
the turn of the tide 潮流的转变
She was born around the turn of the century (= around 1900, 2000, etc.). 她出生于世纪之交。
- More examples
- Take a right turn by the station.
- Just take three left turns and you will reach the school.
- I remembered to get to your house it was a left turn after the traffic lights.
- He tried to take the turn too quickly and veered off the road.
(DEVELOPMENT)
take a ... turn 朝…发生变化
to develop in a particular way
The battle for control of the company took an interesting turn today. 控制公司的争夺战今天发生了有趣的变化。
Events took an unexpected turn when her mother suddenly arrived. 她母亲突然到来，情况发生了意想不到的变化。
take a turn for the better/worseC2 突然好转／恶化
to suddenly become better or worse
Their relationship took a turn for the worse when he lost his job. 他失业后他们的关系变得更糟了。
(PERFORMANCE)
[ C ] UK节目;演出
a stage act or performance
The first couple of turns were children singing and dancing. 头几个节目是儿童歌舞。
(ILLNESS)
[ C ] old-fashioned informal不适感；奇怪的感觉；一惊，一吓
a slight illness, a strange feeling, or a nervous shock
After the accident I started having funny turns. 事故后我开始时不时地感到不适。
It gave me quite a turn to see him after all these years. 这么多年以后再看到他真令我感到意外。
Idioms
a good/bad turnidiom [ C usually singular ] UK善/恶事
an action that helps/harms someone
That's my good turn for the day! 那就算是我今天做的好事！
You did me a good turn warning me that Abigail was going to be there. 你提醒我阿比盖尔要去那儿，真是帮了我大忙。
at every turnidiom 每次;总是;处处;事事
If something unpleasant happens at every turn, it happens every time you try to do something.
They do their best to frustrate my efforts at every turn. 他们每次都竭力挫败我的努力。
a turn of the screwidiom 进一步施加的压力
an action that makes a bad situation worse, especially one that forces someone to do something
Each letter from my bank is another turn of the screw. 银行的每一封来信都给我带来更大的压力。
cooked/done to a turnidiom UK old-fashioned 煮得火候合适
cooked for exactly the right amount of time
The beef was done to a turn. 牛肉烧得火候正好。
one good turn deserves anotheridiom saying 好心应该得到好报;以德报德
said when you do a helpful or kind act for someone who has done something good for you
speak/talk out of turnidiom 说不该说的话
to say something that you should not have said
I'm sorry if I spoke out of turn, but I thought you already knew. 如果我说了不该说的话，我很抱歉，我还以为你已经知道了。